Second quarter 2012 year Dubai generation as 9605 gigawatt GWs /when,last 3% compared with the same period of last year,2011 is year is the same period is for 9329 gigawatt GWs /when; The peak value of the demand power of the electric wire netting is 6165 gigawatt GWs, increase by 3.8% compared with the same period of last year, it was 5941 gigawatt GWs in the same period of 2011.

The ammeter quantity of Dubai is 616,492 by the end of June of 2012, increase by 4.66% compared with the same period of last year, it was 588,998 in the same period of 2011; The quantity of water gauge of Dubai is 545,180 at the end of June of 2012, increase by 5.28% compared with the same period of last year, it was 517,810 in the same period of 2011.

Laid 21,312 kilometers with a diameter of 22 inches and input water pipeline in Dubai in the second quarter of 2012, lay pipeline of 22 inches for 66.773 kilometers in order to mix water pipe network at the same time.

Dubai all parts is building 26 transformer substations whose installed capacity is 132 kilovolts at present.

Every project that the hydroelectric board of Dubai implements aims at improving the electricity can have and the power transmission network and distribution network one bears the weight of strength, meet the water and electricity demand of every profession and trade.

The number of visits: Time

[September 29, 2011 ] France public utilities Company EDF Electricite De France To the enamel of sea of A Areva With the west room Westinghouse Change and use the vaporized generator, the total value of 1,500 million euro 2 billion dollars after ordering 44 .

EDF starts the international bidding in 2010. Yesterday, with the approval of EDF board of directors, ordered 32 and 12 vaporized generators to enamel and west room of sea of A separately. These two copies of order value are 1,100 million euro respectively ‘ 1,500 million dollars With 400 million euro ‘ 545 million dollars .

Used for pressing water pile PWRs The vaporized generator of the nuclear power plant transmits the heat energy in reactor coolant to give two water of return circuit and produce the steam, the steam drives the steam turbine to generate electricity. Press water, pile up to four pieces of cycle perhaps, each cycle is furnished with a vaporized generator. Each steam in the order this happen, think highly of about 438, internal the intersection of cycle and vaporized generator pipeline its produce Fig.: Valinox Include the pipeline about 122 kilometers long, is used for producing the steam.

These change and install the vaporized generator in 1300MWe serial nuclear power plants of EDF. EDF claims this order is ” Change the electricity millowner’s apparatus to plan gradually ” A part. Will it be July 2010, EDF claim their all existing the intersection of reactor and the intersection of longevity and issue prolong prospect in 60 years go on the assessment. Enable reactor longevity for a over 40 years, will need to change all vaporized generators the reactor of each 900MWe is furnished with three vaporized generators, each unit of 1300MWe is furnished with four vaporized generators ,Carry on others maintain, work, each unit need, cost 400 million – 600 million . EDF changes the vaporized generators of two units every year at present, plans to increase to the vaporized generator that changes three units of every year by 2016.

All vaporized generator pipelines are lain in Valinox Nucleaire Company that France is indebted to Barr to make. Until their lie in, rein in Crewe go with Le Creusot vaporized most generator that enamel offer, sea of A, Is the sand grand Chalon-sur-Sa with Sohne riverside? ne Forge and assemble in the factories of two places. Since 2017, these vaporized generators will be installed in the power plant of EDF. According to plan that EDF work out, enamel, sea of A, pay 16 vaporized generators in July of 2016, handed over 8 in January of 2017, handed over 8 more in January of 2018.

West room claim their with the intersection of Mangiarotti and Company of Italy ‘ Responsible for the equipment of the vaporized generator With cooperation between odd the intersection of trade and partner such as the intersection of Europe and other the intersection of forging and Company, finish 12 to change by the manufacture of the vaporized generator and hand over together. Country nuclear engineering limited company translates the centre Sun LianHui

The number of visits: Time

According to report of October 7 of Germany ” Spiegel, Der’s weekly magazine “: The German union economic minister Philip – Les ties tightPhillip Roesler Lead 70 business peoples to begin the Greek trip. At Germany – Greek enterprise meeting held in Athens, the German solar energy industry expresses, they will give to the Greek government ” Hertz of favourable Russia and Sri Lankan ” Solar energy plan hertz favourable Sri Lankan of Russia is a Sun god in a Greek mythology Invests 20 billion euro. In addition the intersection of energy and build, defeat by the angry pipeline by one natural gas to pass through Greece jointly with the intersection of Greek and cooperative partner Company, E.on of Germany. Greece economic minister say up till now, German business circles wish capital cost reach the intersection of Greek and the intersection of Chinese and 12% of total output value already. Greece will further improve the investment climate, will do everything possible to tide over this crisis.

Ghanaian energy minister Joe rises in A Haas says on the 6th, the Ghanaian natural gas has enormous potentiality to be exploited, main source of electricity that the natural gas will become this country.

A Haas introduce the intersection of Ghanaian and energy and prospect of electric power development at the briefing in reporter that the same day hold. He says while answering Xinhua News Agency’s reporter’s questions, the Ghanaian natural gas has enormous potentiality to be exploited, the natural gas reserves already verified on three blocks of Guinean gulf Ghanaian sea area at present reach 860 hundred million cubic meters, can develop and utilize from 15 to 20, Ghana will become the net exporter of electricity.

Ghanaian government establishes the national natural gas work group at the end of last year, advise to the government on the development and utilization of the natural gas. Subsequently, Ghana sets up national natural gas company again, management and China responsible for the natural gas specifically input the construction of the angry pipeline.

At present, Ghana generates electricity and mainly depends on the water and electricity and electricity generation by thermal power taking petroleum, natural gas,etc. as fuel. In the past 20 years, the power consumption of Ghana increased 10 to 15 every year, was expected to increase 6 every year in the following 10 years.

1.Adopt and mineral processing: American early copper industry produces the main centralized American west of China Arizona, Utah, NewMexico, Montana, andAlaska ,Copper at that time was only limited to exploiting abundant including copper mineral in order to produce. The introduction of the flotation law could let people draw copper and other metal including gold and silver in the ore from the spot of the low quality in latter stage of the 19th century . In the middle period of the eighties of the 20th century, a mining factory introduced a kind of enormous, very efficient transportation system.

2.Flash and smelt rapidly: Electroplating that is improving constantly and smelted technology and already improved the productivity and productivity of the smeltery successfullying, also adapting to more harsh environment more and more at the same time limits.

4.The solvent is drawn: Traditional sulphide ore generally needs process to grind, smelt and refine. The abstraction of the solvent needs to process the oxide ore of the low quality at lower price. At the first stage strain fetches stage ,Acid wastes rare sulfuric acid By the swing platform, drip irrigation apparatus or watering lorry offer to the rain bird At distributing, piling layer in the mineral 60 foot high, when it permeates through, it may pile and filter out through copper dissolving. These water containing copper and filtration solution exuberanteds are flowed out from mineral pile bottom, then pour into another in comprehensive pond, from this comprehensive pond, it is released to the solution refinery. This kind of filtration solution exuberanted then mix with special kerosene solution used for refining copper, containing a kind of organic chemicals. This kind of organic matter which contains the copper, call the organic load too, then is named electrolyzing the liquid or moisture solution and included copper sulfuric acid to mix with one kind. While mixed and precipitated, copper is transformed into moisture solution from organic solution, through filtering then release to to use it in the electrolytic room which electrolyzes the metallurgical law.

6.The flow of copper: Here show copper many the intersection of copper mine and factory or metal piece that retrieve pile until terminal whole floating course of market. In the course of rolling the operation of the copper factory, also introduced the alloy genera such as zinc, lead, tin and nickel at the same time, they all accord with the regulations of ASTM, and observe the due course of law of B-2 committee.

7.Constant casting: Perhaps only important innovation in copper trade in over the past these 100 years, say, all the introduction of the excellent technology of steel wire of continuity in terms of commerce and technology. It is electric wire and cable industry’s most basic raw material sources that the ones that produce by these kind of method are excellent. The change in production technology is significant, thus cause to replace traditional 250-1b 113.5 – kg with the continuity line spindle products in the whole world Steel wire excellent. The casting of continuity can make the weight of the coil reach 10, 000-1b 4, 540 – kg . Before the size of the coil is confirmed by 250-1b line spindle used as it, the size of the coil is only limited by the capacity of dealing with apparatus. Negative electrode products which the excellent factory of steel wire receives and that part cast constantly are basically equal, its quantity rises to about 3,500,000 pounds in 1996 from 2,500,000 pounds in 1987. Cast the excellent specification requirement which accords with ASTMB49 of steel wire, the tempered and excellent specification standard of copper of the hot roll that this uses on electricity continuously. Continuity or semicontinuity casting is used for producing and casting one at the same time, produce it into discal, slice, strip products again in order to come, or produce it into a continuity casting piece, thus saw it into a base spindle, become and produce the tube, conduit and steel excellent transition products.

9.Analyze and control: The refinery and rolling the copper factories to all benefit from analyzing and disposing, this kind of device can confirm fast that keep warm to melt metal chemical composition in the stove, and enter the incidental to control before casting.

10,Seamless steel tube: Producing the pipeline to use, refrigerate and use, medical air make copper turn house, commerce, first-selected material that industrial building use into with the intersection of liquefaction and the intersection of petroleum and the intersection of seamless steel tube and progress of respect that vapour use with natural gas. Talk in terms of history, it is to turn a solid base spindle into an empty shell through puncturing the course not to sew copper and in charge of producing at first. Have pinching the shell and introducing the market in the fifties of the 20th century of the thickness of thin wall, have large-scale extrusion machine already at that time, the person who pinch have pinching speeding high. In addition outer cover these draw at the plane cold to draw and not cold to draw cold Laszo at the large unit box stringy reel of roller of weight at the working bench than the past while being cold while being suitable. A main progress in the cold drawing machine design is rotating device or a wide application in setting aside the tube continuously, this principle is developed from wire industry. The high speed jointly machine clears up the pipeline, draws straight, detection, mark and cut according to certain size, the apparatus is dealt with according to the strict size transferring this product to from tying up again subsequently, or recoil the products, its purpose can carry on him annealedly and deals with for the patchcord user. Thickness of irregular tube wall and having no specification of sewing copper water pipe to change into 0% several years ago in ASTMB88. People go on research again to it above the deep the intersection of project and foundation that assess now. Had not sewn the tube and produced through Schumag procedure as what the air conditioner is employed, during this time, need wearing directly once through the way that a carbonization floats and fills in. This procedure has improved the control on thickness of tube wall with high-level attention. The pipeline employed as medical use, natural gas or LP vapour demands to have very high clean degree of inner surface. This one is required through what the following course is realized: Soak, arrive, contain in the appropriate the intersection of chemistry and clean machine tube, through measure the tube products with the intersection of B819 and procedure in the regulation, these regulations are to specially apply to the medical air and has not sewn copper to manage, B837, not sewing copper to manage of natural gas and liquefaction petroleum vapour fuel distributing system.

11.Weld and manage: In will it be the sixties the 20th century, take pieces of copper but needn’t pack the intersection of welding and copper and the intersection of copper and alloy that metal produce, become the intersection of person who analogous to and commercialization. Tube shape that a piece of copper in the roll of the expenditure is exactly become in the following several steps, then weld it with one of the several available methods. Its main specification is: ASTM447, it is in charge of exchanging and managing with ASTMB543, copper and copper alloy heat welding copper. The main advantage is as follows, have an opportunity to utilize surplus rolling copper a capacity, can produce pipeline length chosen and not have any metal to waste, can produce the long winding coil suitable for cooling and air conditioner, there are other uses in petrol and petroleum production line, the thickness of tighter tube wall is another advantage too. In the house, is welding the brass tube and laying the pipeline, the sewage line, is and producing the head board in the building, slow and steady growth appears in the application in step and way lamp pole.

12.The surface of the enhanced pipeline: Revised ASTMB359 specification, have no specification of sewing condenser and heat exchanger pipeline to the copper and copper alloy with integrated fin immediately, specially designed production for advanced surface type condenser and other specialized air conditioning. One is about employing and welding the similar specification on the pipeline board in fermenting too. Such a pipeline has its own inner surfaces or outer surface, there is or two, produce one kind to get the enhanced surface wholly through a kind of cold shaping law, thus improve the hot conversion correlated to sour salt of core. According to the intersection of Monroe and agreement for 1995, it promotes the development of this one to be actually to like R11 and the intersection of R12 and particular destruction these, take a sniff at the intersection of oxygen and whom layers of refrigerant produce, deny in the whole world. Refrigerant for substituting is R134 and R123, though has not demonstrated what destroys the sexual behavior, but say, and not not very effective in terms of thermodynamics; So we need to have hyperpyrexia even more to exchange the pipeline of the characteristic.

15.Copper wire: From speak already until brilliant artificial diamond replace more to a great extent rough diamond to used in drawing die. Constantly the enhanced drawing die design was improving superficial state through reducing superficial oxide greatly, also obtained higher mechanical performance at the same time. Many line wire drawing machines are very general now, still furnished with the advanced insulated paint at the same time, suitable for the range of application of the high-temperature electric conduction. In the magnetic line was employed, because its temperature ability has already been improved too, so the size of the motor can shrink.

16.Staple market: Various copper alloy exists in countless application now, in the application, they become first-selected materials of the trade company with their unique characteristics.

The following is that some main market uses are introduced:

1Line of house and other line products: The line of house is the largest consumer market of copper in U.S.A.. In 1997, the consumption of copper was probably 1,400,000,001bs, accounted for 16.9% of all metal quantity of copper transported. The second largest copper market is a magnetic line in the cable industry, nearly have 700,000,001bs. It is used mainly in the motor, generator and voltage transformer, accounts for about 18% of all copper wire products transported. A smaller application that needs but very very much of copper is in the field of electric cable.

Treatment
1,Find load drops, BM rises. The main vapour is pressed and dropped suddenly, the main vapour is warm to rise sharply, cross temperature and rise sharply.
2,The flow drops to supply water, the vapour pump rotational speed raises, exports the pressure and rises.
3,Find the mainly watersupply pipeline stop valve flashes red. Make patrolling and inspection checked and checked in situ.
4,Judge the mainly watersupply pipeline stop valve is closed by mistake.
5,The reporting value is long, the connection is overhauled.
6,Hands stop E C Rub, drop load to the supplying water amount correspondingly, has monitored the temperature change.
7,Contact the assistant, the warm perturbation of vapour is big, strengthen and monitor the vapour machine parameter, pay close attention to the electric system.
8,Confirm that drops with load, the vapour pump rotational speed drops, the pump exports the pressure to drop, check two sets of normal vapour pump every parameter.
9,Strengthen main fact / warm to monitor in vapour, wall again, cross temperature monitor, adjust the flue guard manually. Reduce total air volume appropriately, reduce the centre of the flame to highly,etc. assist manually.
10,Make, patrol and inspect until watersupply pipeline stop valve lose electrical power mainly, the hand electronic door

How to calculate the pressure loss of inputting water pipeline?
Pressure loss to calculate pipeline, need comprehensive the intersection of calculation and it along resistance and some resistance Cheng. In order to calculate convenient, should divide the pipeline system into several segments, every section calculates its pressure loss according to a diameter not changed and flow not changed, then superpose every section of results of calculation and obtain the pressure loss of the whole system.

What be the intersection of pressure and ink of pipeline hit ‘ Water hammer The phenomenon? What danger is there? How to dispel?
In the pressure pipeline, because the rapid change of the liquid velocity of flow, thus cause the instantaneous water hammer.
The basic reason causing water to hit is: When the valve of the pressure pipeline was closed or opened suddenly, when or started in the unexpected stop of the water pump, because the rapid change takes place in the instantaneous velocity of flow, cause the liquid momentum to change rapidly, and make the pressure significantly change. The check damper does not work on the pipeline, water will take place too and hit the phenomenon. In the vaporized pipeline, if warm in charge of being insufficient, does not dredge water completely, cause the vaporized part sent to condense into water, the volume dwindle suddenly, led to the fact some vacuum, around at a high speed medium is assaulted here, also will give out enormous stereo and vibration.
When water hit phenomenon take place, pressure may normal pressure much time in person who rise, make the tube wall material bear the stress greatly; The repeated change of the pressure, will cause the vibration of pipeline and apparatus, will cause the pipeline, pipeline attachment and damage of the apparatus when being serious.
The basic tool of dispelling or lightening water and hitting danger is as follows,
1 Open or close the valve slowly;
2 Try hard to shorten valve one and pipeline length among the containers;
3 The check damper should act flexibly, should not hold and close the phenomenon sometimes sometimes;
4 The pipeline installs relief valve, air valve or can hold the device;
5 Vaporized pipeline give, want fully warm to in charge of in front of the vapour, dredged water completely, then opened the valve to send the vapour slowly.

How to reduce the pressure loss of the pipeline?
1 Select the rational velocity of flow of working medium for use. Can know from the intersection of fluid and the intersection of resistance and loss along resistance or some resistance Cheng calculate, proportional to square of velocity of flow, the velocity of flow is high, attachment and attachment in the pressure pipeline. In the vapour, water pipeline system, in order to regulate, switch over and crash handling, need to set up essential valve, elbow, three direct links, first class attachment of size, these attachments are origins of some resistance, so, on the premise of guaranteeing production safety easy to operate, should try hard to reduce the pipeline attachment, in order to reduce unnecessary some resistance losses.
1 Keep the integrity of the valve in the pipeline system. In the system besides regulating the valve, most valve to in and all opened or closed the position completely, when the valve can’t be totally opened because of the trouble, must form the throttle function on the vapour, water, and increase some resistance losses of working medium.
2 Should shorten the total length of the pipeline as much as possible.

What influence ultra and warm to have on service life of pipeline?
Various the intersection of soda and pipeline and the intersection of boiler and heated the intersection of surface and tube, design their service life according to certain working temperature and stress. If the working temperature exceeds the design temperature while running, although is not overheated, will make the metal organize stability to be bad, creep and accelerate, make its working life shorten finally.
It is in inverse proportion to creep speed to reach the time to destroy according to the experimental study material, that an index relation is shortened with the rising of the temperature. According to this principle, under the stress is the same and condition, the service life of different temperatures, can estimate through the way that Larsson’s rice is listed and similar to the equation.